Individual (height of flowering shoot, length of rhizome segments and their number on a growth axis) and group parameters (cover, density of immature individuals, flowering and vegetative shoots) of a clonal tall-herb species Rumex alpinus were studied in the populations undergoing different stages of anthropogenic succession in the Carpathians. The species can form dense Rumiceta alpini ruderal communities on the manured soil near the livestock camps. Rumex alpinus has a long life span and thick long-living rhizomes in which the segments’ size reflects the viability of the individual in previous years. The studied parameters characterize the extent of disturbance in grassland ecosystems on different stages of their anthropogenic or restoration succession. A significant number of immature individuals of seed origin proves the young age of a population and indicates the degrading vector of changes in ecosystems. However, the individuals of seed origin (particularly, immature) are almost or completely missing in the established dense Rumiceta alpini because clonal reproduction prevails there. The highest individual and group parameters of R. alpinus have been registered in the sites that are manured. Cessation of anthropogenic impact results in thinning out of populations and their gradual decline. Annual increments of rhizomes demonstrate a successive increase in the invasive populations and decrease in the regressive ones. R. alpinus is also a component of some native undisturbed communities where it shows moderate viability of individuals and low population density. Thus, high values of individual and group parameters of this species indicate significant disturbance of the area and its low conservation value, while its infrequent occurrence only in some solitary small sites can reflect an absence or low level of devastation of a mountain grassland ecosystem.

The ontogenetic and vitality structure of eight Muscari botryoides populations from Ukraine have been studied. M. botryoides is a rare, endemic species of the Asparagaceae family, distributed on northeastern limit of its natural range and listed in the 3rd edition of the Red Data Book of Ukraine  with conservation status "endangered". The characteristics of the species main ontogenetic states have been given. Age spectra of populations have been constructed. Ontogenetic indices have been calculated according to I.M. Kovalenko. Individuals of eight age states have been identified: seeds (se), seedlings (p), juvenile (j), immature (im), virginal (v), young generative (g₁), mature generative (g₂) and old generative (g₃). Subsenile (ss) and senile (s) individuals were not registered. The populations are normal, noncomplete with left-biased age spectra. Juveniles prevail in all age spectra. . According to A.A. Uranov and O.V. Smirnova all populations are normal young, according to the Delta-Omega classification proposed by L.A. Zhivotovskij, they are young, and according to L.A. Zhukova and T.A. Polyanskaya – perspective. Innovation indices of all populations are very high, and generative, senilis, age indices are low. A factor analysis based on 17 morphological parameters of M. botryoides have been made. The results of the analysis showed, that the following parameters determine vitality of M. botryoides individuals: first leaf length, bulb width, inflorescence length and number of flowers in the inflorescence. Medium vitality individuals dominate in most populations. According to the vitality structure, six populations are prosperous, and two – depressed.

×Sorbaronia fallax is a complex of artificially bred intergeneric hybrids. It is one of the non-traditional fruit crops. Fruits of the nothospecies are used in as food and medicinal raw materials. ×Sorbaronia fallax is sporadically grown in orchards, forest crops, forest belts used in landscaping. In many contries, e.g. United Kingdom, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Belgium, Netherlands, Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, some regions of Russian Federation, and the United States (Connecticut), ×S. fallax belongs to invasive species. During our field trips in 2018 and 2020, we noted several cases of occurrence this nothospecies outside of culture. The aim was to generalize information about the spontaneous spread of ×S. fallax outside the cultivation sites and outline its secondary area in Ukraine. We discuss the problem of taxonomy and nomenclature of "chokeberry", which is common in Ukraine and is apomictic microspecies. In our opinion, it would be appropriate to use the name ×Sorbaronia mitschurinii for this nothotaxon, but this would contradict the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants. The central part of the publication is devoted to analyzing available sources on the cultivation and spontaneous distribution of ×S. fallax in Ukraine. This nothotaxon now spontaneously  grows in Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, Volyn, Rivne, Zhytomyr, Kyiv, and Sumy regions, as well as in the vicinity of Kyiv. It spreads spontaneously on forest frinnges, on glades, along forest roads, on pastures, meadows, swamps, and peatlands. ×Sorbaronia fallax is eukenophyte and ergasiophyte. Local spontaneous populations of ×S. fallax are primarily small, but some of them consist a few dozen to several hundred individuals. We assumed that there is  reason to consider ×S. fallax as a potentially invasive nothospecies in the northern and western regions of Ukraine. In the appendices, we provide both lists of ×S. fallax location in culture and list its records outside culture.

The paper deals with the history of studies of the Dniepr-Donets valley aquatic and wetland flora. This article covers the period of 18 and 19 centuries. According to the results of the study , the first reliable data about aquatic and wetland flora dated mid-late 17th century. I. Guildenstendt and D.I. Bagaliy published the fragmentary data on the flora composition of Slobidska Ukraine from the end of the 16th to the beginning of the 17th century. The new stage of botanical studies in the region was connected with the foundation of the Kharkiv University in 1804. K.F. Ledebur published "Flora Rossica sive enumeration plantarum in totis Imperi Rossici provincis Europaeis, Asiaticia et Americanis hucusque observatarum" in 1842–1853. It also contains some data for the small part of the Kharkiv province. The first fundamental monograph is "Conspectus plantarum…", published in 1859 by V.M. Chernjajev. The list includes 1769 species. The Natural Researchers Society was founded in 1869 in Kharkiv University. The members of this organization provided numerous botanical expeditions. The analysis of literature sources of 19th century revealed thatthat despite the active study of flora and vegetation of the region, or its individual administrative territories  we do not know any specialized floristic work on the study of flora and vegetation of water bodies and wetlands. However, the analysed publications contain important historical information on the distribution of rare regional species. Most of them are currently either extinct or critically endangered, e.g. Calla palustris, Callitriche stagnalis, Drosera rotundifolia, Ledum palustre, Limnanthemum nymphoides, Trapa natans, Oxycoccus palustris etc. Thus, the period from the end of the 16th to the end of the 19th century is a period of the floristic researches of the Kharkiv region and adjacent territories. The main researchers were V.M. Chernjajev, I. Kovalevsky, K.S. Gornytsky, V.I. Taliev, P.M. Nalyvaiko with the exception of some works in a new area of research – applied, which began to appear only in the late 19th century.

Old artificial parks are an important component of the cultural heritage in Southern Ukraine which represents a significant variety of specific habitats for lichen diversity. The aim of our research was to analyze the total lichen diversity in parks as well as the representation of rare and protected species. Most of the data were collected by the authors during expeditions in Southern Ukraine during 2017–2020 in Kherson and Mykolaiv regions. Overall, we identified 108 lichen species and 21 lichenicolous fungi within 17 old parks. The highest lichen diversity was recorded in parks “Labirynt” (66 species) and “Nedogirskyi Forest” (61 species). We found 18 lichen species (16.6 %) included in the Red List of Kherson and Mykolaiv regions and 25 (23.8%) rare forest-dwelling species. We concluded that old artificial parks are very important habitats for lichen diversity in the steppe zone of Ukraine as well as the unique localities for such species as Graphis scripta, Hyperphyscia adglutinata, Sclerophora pallida in Southern Ukraine. The total diversity of lichens did nоt have a significant correlation with the total number of tree species due to the dominance of several tree species (Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur), while most other phorophytes are young and represented singly. All old parks should become local reserves to preserve the overall biological diversity in their territories, protect against illegal logging, and regulate potential recreational activities.