This publication is a result of studying the species from the section Bromopsis Dumort. (genus Bromus L.) in the flora of Ukraine with basal persistent fibrous reticulum. This is a complex of morphologically very similar taxa, which have been described after fragmentation of the well-known species Bromus cappadocicus Boiss. & Balansa and B. riparius Rehmann. As a result, five new species from Ukraine within the genus Bromopsis (Dumort.) Fourr. (≡section Bromopsis of the genus Bromus): Bromopsis glabrata Klokov, B. cimmerica Klokov, B. calcarea Klokov, B. pseudocappadocica Klokov, B. heterophylla (Klokov) Holub (basionym Zerna heterophylla Klokov) were described by M.V. Klokov. The differences between these species are rather insignificant. The rank of the taxa is unstable and varies from species to subspecies and varietas within the Bromopsis riparia (Rehmann) Holub (≡Bromus riparius Rehmann) and Bromopsis tomentella (Boiss.) Holub (≡Bromus tomentellus Boiss; ≡Zerna tomentella (Boiss.) Nevski). The presence of the Bromus cappadocicus in the flora of Ukraine is the subject of discussion. The main diagnostic features of the group are the morphological features of the basal fibrous reticulum, the length of the spikelets, the presence and shape of the awns, as well as the peculiarity of pubescence at the leaf blades and spikelets. We are studied authentic specimens and protologues. The features of these species, including diagnostic are overlaping. Only two features can be differentiated within the group. The first is a pubescence of the leaf blades. It splits into pubescence leaves and glabrous (or almost glabrous) leaves. The second is a biomorphological character of the rhizomes. The taxonomic revision within the group was conducted on the basis of the analysis on these features. The species Bromopsis glabrata, B. cimmerica, B. calcarea, B. pseudocappadocica, B. heterophylla should be reduced to the synonyms of Bromus cappadocicus and B. riparius. Previously, we defined the specimen KW010011888 as a holotype of Zerna heterophylla, which after finding the true holotype in LE (with the author's "Type") should be considered as isotype (Art. 9.5 ICN).

The micro- and macromorphological characters of the fruits within genus Cephalaria in the flora of Ukraine are given. The structural peculiarities of the fruits were clarified and their detailed characteristics were presented. The fruit shape of Cephalaria is tetrahedral, elongated, ribbed, furrowed at the top. There are epicalyx on the top ends with teeth, the length of which from 100 μm (C. coriacea) to 600–800 μm (C. uralensis). The properly cup is on the short stem on the top of the fruit, densely pubescent and bristly. The differences in the microstructure of the surface were established. C. transsylvanica and C. uralensis has gibbous-ribbed surfaces microstructure, C. coriacea has pitted-ribbed, while C. demetrii has a wrinkled-gibbous surface. The fruits are uniformly densely pubescent in all studied species, except of C. coriacea with sparsely pubescent fruits. The pubescence is represented by simple (rigid and soft) and glandular hairs. The shape of the simple hairs are tubular, with a pointed tip, but C. demetrii and C. coriacea have a ribbon-like hairs. The simple hairs have a convex expanded or spherical base, with short tapered legs. Cephalaria transsylvanica differ from other species by a larger spherical hair base. Two morphologically distinct types (warty and smooth) of the microstructure surface on simple hairs were revealed. The glandular hairs are 1–2-celled, with spherical heads, but sometimes C. demetrii has elongated heads. The surface microstructure, localization and density of fruit pubescence, structural features of simple hairs are important carpological characters that we propose to use for precise determination of the species.

The paper contains the results of the study of the seasonal growth rhythm for the endemic species Allium decipiens (Аlliaceae) at cultivation in Nothern Black Sea Region for the first time. Observations for generative plants were carried out for six years. The plants pass all stages of growth, regularly flower and bear fruit in introduction conditions. It was determined for the first time that duration of its vegetation does not coincide with the general duration of the plants’ growth. Seasonal growth depends from the sum of effective temperatures, which is above 0˚С for this species, and precipitation amounts. Renewal of growth is observed from the third decade of February. А.  decipiens belongs to short-vegetating ephemeroidsin condition of the Nothern Black Sea Region. It is completely finish growth during three months. The vegetation and flowering are finished before coming of the drought. Average duration of the vegetation is about 64 days. It coincides with flowering in the medium layer of inflorescence in the second decade of May, where after leaves die off. Arrowing of  А. decipiens lasts from the third decade of March until the third decade of April. The flowering of the plants is observed in May, and it lasts for a month. Seasonal growth of the plants continues 113 days and finishes at the first decade of July. The most duration has a period of the plants’ vegetation, the least – interstage periods from the beginning of arrowing until the flowering finishing. Correlation between the duration of the vegetation and duration of the generative bodies development is 0.84. It testifies that duration of the pre-generative period less than of the generative one. The average variation coefficient of growth stages duration for the А. decipiens at introduction in Nothern Black Sea Region for six years was 28.3%. The sum of effective temperatures are 830.25˚С and 90.32 mm of precipitation are accumulated. The seasonal growth cycle includes 1704˚С and 151.62 mm of precipitation for the plant vegetation. There is a very high correlation between the average duration of interstage periods, mean-day temperatures and precipitation (0.9451 and 0.9836 respectively). The species in the conditions of introduction is middle-vegetating spring-flowering ephemeroid with a short duration of flowering.

The natural changes in the vegetation of the valley in the estuary are represented by syngenetic (primary and secondary), endoecogenetic geomorphic succession series. The processes of syngenesis and endocechenesis greatly developed in recent decades. It connect with  catastrophic decline of the estuary area and the formation of new terrestrial territories. In the initial stages of overgrown, these territories colonized by pioneer halophytes, which initiate succession from the Salicornia perennans agglomerations to Artemisietum santonicae communities. The paper presents the peculiarities of the initial succession in vegetation occurring on different estuary coastal areas. Secondary overgrowth of quarries on the estuarine spit and coastal areas are occurring with the participation of the ruderal species (including adventive). It is areas where vegetation destroyed by melioration works. Natural vegetation are not renewed on these territories under new conditions. Geomorphic successions are associated with the mobility of the substrate on the valley sloping areas. It has an extremely strong influence on the formation of steppe vegetation in these territories. The slow regressive geomorphic changes are most widespread. It lead to the replacement of zonal steppe communities with desert-steppe and halophytic-steppe. The catastrophic geomorphic changes are characteristic for very steep clay slopes. The restoration of vegetation on the aspirations begins with the weed stages and passes in towards the formation of steppe and shrub communities.

Two species of the genus Nymphaea L. (N. alba L. and N. candida J. Presl & C. Presl) were first time recorded on the territory of the Nyzhnodniprovsky sands area. It grow in the center of the Kozachelagerska arena on the territory of the Radenske department of the national park "Oleshkivski Pisky". Administratively, it is the area of the Radensk village council of Oleshky district, Kherson region. Nymphaea alba and N. candida grow in two small lakes located close to each other. These lakes were formed as a result of filling the ground water into crater of the aircraft bombs (there was the military firing range before the creation of a national park in this area). Lakes of round shape, with overgrown shores. The Nymphaea candida and N. alba communities belong to the Nymphaeion albae Oberdorfer 1957, Potametalia W. Koch, Potametea Klika in Klika et Novak 1941, 1926. The growth of species of the Nymphaea species is possible in this area due to the close occurrence of groundwater. There is no doubt that species of the genus Nymphaea have recently appeared on the Kozachelagerska arena, since the lakes in which they occur are of the anthropogenic origin and were formed in the second half of the twentieth century as a result of the explosion of powerful aircraft bombs. Nymphaea species migrated there, in our opinion, naturally with the help of wetlands birds. The discovered locations there of N. candida and N. alba are of high sozological value. Although both species are quite common in the nearby plains of the Lower Dnieper, this is the first finding of the species of the genus Nymphaea in the territory of the Nizhnodniprovsky sands. The communities of Nymphaeeta candidae and Nymphaeeta albae are included in the Green Book of Ukraine. In addition, Nymphae alba belongs to regionally rare plants in the Kherson region. In order to further preserve them, we consider it necessary to continuously monitoring of their populations and, if necessary, introduce biotechnical measures for their conservation.

As a result of mycological research 290 species of fungi from various systematic groups belonging to the Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were recorded on the territory of the Male Polissia National Nature Park. The powdery mildews and discomycetes (55 and 15 species, respectively) dominated among the recorded Ascomycota. The agaricoid (120 species), aphyllophoroid (36 species), boletoid (19 species) and the rust fungi (9 species) prevailed among Basidiomycota. Of the identified species, 289 are first noted for the park, 56 species are new for Central Polissia; 42 species are new for Polissia; eight species (Clitocybe sinopica, Conocybe ambiqua, Cortinarius decipiens, Entoloma graphitipes, Galerina hybrida, Lactarius scoticus, Russula aquosa and R. betularum) and one variety (Cortinarius flexipes var. flabellus) were first recorded for Ukraine. New localities of the two species listed in the Red Data Book of Ukraine, i.e. Grifola frondosa and Pseudoboletus parasiticus were noted within the park. Some macromycetes, which are rare or relatively rare in Ukraine, are also found (Amylocorticium canadense, Conocybe subxerophytica var. brunnea, Cortinarius diasemospermus, C. flexipes var. flexipes, Entoloma rhodocalix, Flammulaster muricatus, Galerina atkinsoniana, G. norvegica, Lachnella alboviolascens, Melanoleuca microcephala, Mycena niveipes, and M. viridimarginata). Among the powdery mildews Erysiphe lycopsidis, E. mayorii, E. penicillata, E. urticae, Golovinomyces circumfusus, Phyllactinia alnicola, Podosphaera epilobii, P. major and P. myrtillina are relatively rare. The record of the rust fungus Kuehneola uredinis is the easternmost in Ukraine. The relatively rare discomycetes comprise Ascobolus carbonarius, Coccomyces tumidus, Leotia lubrica, Mollisia olivascens, and Scutellinia crinita. Some rare species have also been found among the fungicolous fungi, such as Fusicolla merismoides, Hypomyces luteovirens and Tomentella ellisii. The work contains a list of all species of fungi recorded in the Male Polissia National Nature Park during this study.

The paper reports data on the finding of rare operculate discomycete Miladina lecithina (Cooke) Svrček (Pyronemataceae, Pezizales), representative of monotypic genus Miladina Svrček, which was collected during the mycological researches in the National Nature Park «Kremenetsky Gory» (Ternopil Oblast, Ukraine) in 2013–2016. This species was found on water-soaked wood in the stream. Earlier, the species was recorded in Transcarpathian and Kharkiv regions. M. lecithina belongs to the psilopezioid fungi, a group of operculate discomycetes (Pezizales) that inhabit on wet or water-soaked wood in running water. This species is found in different regions of Europe, Asia, South and North America, as well as Puerto Rico, everywhere it is considered rare. This species inherent feature is ability to form the anamorphic stage, known as Actinospora megalospora, which belongs to the group of aquatic hyphomycetes. Such phenomenon is rather unusual for operculate discomycetes, among which pleomorphic representatives are very rare. Detailed morphological characters, locality, ecological peculiarities, collection dates, data on general distribution and original illustrations of M. lecithina are provided. As a result of investigation of specimens deposited in mycologycal herbarium of the M.G. Kholodny Institute of Botany NAS of Ukraine (KW-M) found that M. lecithina was sometimes erroneously cited under the names Humaria aquatica and H. sydowii. It is proposed to exclude H. sydowii from the list of species of the Pyronemataceae family known for Ukraine. As a result of the generalization of the obtained data the information of six  currently known localities of the species in Ukraine and a distribution map of M. lecithina are given.