The results of the study of the spontaneous plant cover of the National Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» of the NAS of Ukraine (Uman, Cherkasy region) are presented. 115 taxa (species and subspecies) registered on the studied Dendrological Park for the first time and are absent in the previous works. There is a list of the taxa, which includes one species of horsetail and fern, as well as representatives of the representatives of Monodicots and Eudicots angiosperms. Among them native plants – 52, alien plants – 63. According to new data, 479 native plants and 164 alien plants are represented in the «Sofiyivka» spontaneous flora, and the level of adventisation of the spontaneous flora is 25.4%. It which is less than in other large introductory botanical institutions of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe as M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden (41.9 %) and the Dendrological Park «Alexandria» (31.2 %), that is, in the structure of vegetation of the «Sofiyivka» alien species have a relatively small impact. Among the newly discovered adventitious species, a high proportion (32 taxa from 63) have escaped plants, which confirms the steady trend towards significant adventitia of the flora due to the naturalization of ergasiophytes. Additionally, information is provided on individual ergasiophytes, which are in the initial stages of naturalization. Examples of ergasgasiolypophytes (cultural relics) are given. Such plants have the appearance of wild, but are remnants of former plantations, and therefore can not be included in the spontaneous flora. Attention is paid to the fact that the spontaneous flora of Dendrological Park «Sofiyivka» is of great importance in the taxonomic diversity of both the urban flora of Uman and the regional flora of Cherkasy region. Thus, for the first time for the flora of Cherkasy region 16 new taxa are given: Acalypha australis, Allium altissimum, Claytonia perfoliata, Juglans cinerea, Lolium × elongatum, Nepeta racemosa, Oxalis fontana subsp. villicaulis, Philadelphus pubescens, Plantago uliginosa, Polygonum arenastrum subsp. calcatum, Ranunculus acris subsp. friesianus, Solanum nigrum subsp. schultesii, Symphyotrichum lanceolatum, Symphytum asperum, Tilia platyphyllos, Vincetoxicum hirundinaria subsp. laxum. Due to the rich taxonomic composition of ergasiophytes in "Sofiyivka" Uman is a center of replenishment of flora with new foreign plants in our country. In this regard, it is important to generalize the taxonomic diversity of the urban flora of Uman and the flora of Cherkasy region.

The results of the study of synanthropization of 28 grassland habitat types (systematic and florogenetic analyzes, analysis of the alien fraction by time of immigration) are presented. It is established that the synanthropic fraction of grassland habitats of Ukraine is represented by 584 species of vascular plants, which belong to 351 genera, 72 families and 3 divisions. The spectrum of the leading families is dominated by Asteraceae, Brassicaceae, and Poaceae. The range of leading genera is not clearly defined, the leading positions are occupied by the genera Atriplex and Veronica (11 species each). The alien faction is based on species associated with the Mediterranean (80 species), Asian (42) and the Mediterranean and Eastern Turan (38) regions. The synatropic fraction of grassland flora is dominated by apophytes (53.8 %). Kenophytes are prevaile (58.8 %) by the time of immigration. Plantago lanceolata (25 habitat types, 92.6 % of the total number) and Veronica arvensis (18 types, 66.6 %), Erigeron annuus and Lactuca serriola (17 types, 60.7 %) are characterized by the widest habitat range among apophytes and kenophytes respectively. Symphyotrichum ciliatum has the highest average cover (53 %). It is established that all studied grassland habitats of Ukraine are characterized by a certain degree of synanthropization. High synanthropization index (IS) was found in three habitat types: X36 (46.0), R1C (45.4), R13 (41.0). The lowest IS is revealed in habitat types R44 (8.7) and R56 (14.0). The number of kenophytes in the floristic spectrum is 5.7% of the total number of species, which generally corresponds to this figure for European grasslands (6.5%). In general, desert steppes (R1C), continental inland salt steppes (R62), semi-desert salt pan (R64) and depressions (pody) of the Steppe zone (X36) were the most synanthropized, while mountain grasslands were the least synatropized. Thus, there is a trend of decreasing synanthropization in the direction from grassland habitats of the southern regions of Ukraine to the northern and mountainous.

We report the first record of Torilis pseudonodosa Bianca (Apiaceae) from Ukraine. It was found on 28^th of May 2021 in the “Potiivska” section of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve near the village of Zaliznyi Port (Southern Ukraine). Torilis pseudonodosa previously was known from various countries in the Mediterranean Basin and Western Asia, but not from Ukraine nor elsewhere in Eastern Europe. We discovered a hitherto unknown population of Torilis pseudonodosa during the 15th EDGG Field Workshop, an international expedition of the Eurasian Dry Grassland Group (EDGG) taking place in Southern Ukraine, from 23 May to 2 June 2021. We present the taxon, its morphology and general distribution, describe its first Ukrainian site ecologically and coenologically and provide photos of the site and the species. The species occurred in a saline steppe, close to the Black Sea coast. The vegetation was dominated by Agropyron pectinatum and Halimione verrucifera, with Artemisiasantonica,Festuca callieri agg., Miliumvernale and Viciahirsuta as subdominants. The classification of the saline steppe of the “Potiivska” section of the Black Sea Biosphere Reserve near is problematic, because species composition represents a mixture of steppic and halophytic plants. A definitive decision would require comprehensive phytosociological analyses. Since there was no indication of anthropogenic influence at the site, we assume that Torilis pseudonodosa reached it as a result of natural migration of its propagules (e.g. with birds). Thus, the species can be considered as nonsynathropic in the flora of Ukraine.

Data on a new finding of Opuntiahumifusa (Raf.) Raf. (Cactaceae A.L. Juss.) in mainland Ukraine (near Khodosivka village, Obukhiv district Kyiv region) are presented. The newly discovered location is described small populations of the species. The number of detected locations within the population – 5, and the number of found specimens – 11 were given. The age spectra of individuals in O. humifusa population were characterized. The predominate age states are generative – 45.5 %, what indicates the successful acclimatization and naturalization of the species in the forest-steppe zone of Ukraine. Geobotanical descriptions have been made and syntaxonomic features of O. humifusa habitats have been described. Individuals of this species typical of steep moving clay slopes in tract “Planer Mountain” where they belong to the groups of classes Festuco-Brometea Br.-Bl. et Tx. in Br.-Bl. 1949 and Artemisietea vulgaris Lohmeyer, Preising et R.Tüxen ex von Rochow 1951. Vegetation of ruderalized steppe habitats of O. humifusa is floristically depleted with sparse grassland. The population is on moving slopes (angle of inclination up to 35–40°) on which erosion processes took place. The total projective coverage varies from 50 to 90 %, decreasing on steep slopes and increasing on gentle slopes. Assumptions about the probable way of O. humifusa diaspores drift in the vicinity of Kyiv and the ways of its expansion from south to north are specified. The priority of O. humifusa seed reproduction due to anthropochor transfer is indicated. Ways of this species acclimatization to different regions of mainland Ukraine, naturalization into natural steppe phytocenoses of the steppe zone and distribution in natural plant groups of the forest-steppe zone are demonstrated. Given the current climate changes, this invasive species needs further monitoring on its spread throughout Ukraine with the development of appropriate preventive measures.

It has been analyzed the distribution of Cladonia P. Browne in the grassland habitats of Ukraine. A total of 39 lichens were identified in grasslands, of which C. asahinae, С. acuminata, C. decorticata and C. conista were new to Ukraine, C. carneola, С. сervicornis, C. floerkeana, та C. polydactyla, С. portentosa та С. scabriuscula – for Mykolaiv region, C. cervicornis – for Donetsk and Kherson region, C. deformis and C. floerkeana – for Rivne region, C. monomorpha – for Donetsk, Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv, Rivne, Kherson and Chernivtsi regions, C. polycarpoides – for AR Crimea, Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk and Zaporizhia regions, C. rei – for Vinnytsia and Rivne regions, C. subulata – new species for Volyn regions, C. strepsilis – for Donetsk region, С. peziziformis – for Kherson and Mykolaiv regions, C. carneola – for Kirovohrad region. Certain locations of С. grayi are first time reported for Ukraine from Zakarpattia region. Lichens of the genus Cladonia have been identified in 14 grassland habitats. The largest number (23 species) has been found in cryptogam- and annual-dominated vegetation on siliceous rock outcrops (R12) of the Ukrainian Crystal Shield. Fourteen species have been found in the habitats of inland sanddrift and dune with siliceous grassland (R1Q), which are common in northern Ukraine. Twelve species of the genus have been observed in the sandy grasslands of the Pannonian and Pontic sandy steppes (R11) in southern Ukraine. Ten species of the genus have been found in the habitats of continental dry steppe (R1B). Cladonia mitis has a dominant role in inland sanddrift and dune with siliceous grassland (R1Q), C. foliacea and C. rangiformis in grasslands on siliceous rock outcrops (R12), C. foliacea and C. furcata in the Pannonian and Pontic sandy steppes (R11). For some grassland habitat types Cladonia species have diagnostic value: C. carneola, C. monomorpha, C. polycarpoides, C. strepsilis – for R12, C. cervicornis – for R11, C. rei –for R11 та R12, C. macroceras and C. pleurota – for R41 and R43; C. foliacea, C. furcata, C. rangiformis – for R1B, R11 and R12. A key for identifying 50 species of Cladonia genus has been compiled, which highlights the most characteristic features of species for their identification in the field.

The article presents data on the study of lichen biota in the city of Beregovo (Zakarpattia region). Totaly, 84 species of lichens and 13 species of lichenicolous fungi were identified. Among them Bryostigma phaeophysciae, Epiphloea byssina, Heterocephalacria physciacearum, Laetisaria lichenicola, Lichenochora obscuroides,Stigmidium fuscatae, Xanthomendoza huculica are reported for the first time to the Zakarpattia region. Calogaya decipiens, Candelariella aurella, C. vitellina, Flavoplaca austrocitrina, and Xanthocarpia crenulatella were quite common on reinforced concrete structures in town. Circinaria contorta,Protoparmeliopsis muralis, Polyozosia dispersa, and Sarcogyne regularis grows on stone fences and house foundations. Botanical reserve “Ardov” is situated in the ourkirts of Beregovo town and represented by a pannonian oak forest with a few silicicolous outcrops. Acarospora fuscata, Circinaria caesiocinerea, Rhizocarpon distinctum, R. geographicum, Trapelia placodioides, Xanthoparmelia conspersa, X. pulla are dominated on the siliceous outcrops on Ardov Mt. Bactrospora dryina is a rare corticolous species which can be an indicator of virgin oak forest was found on Ardov Mt. Only eight terricolous species were found during this research. Among them, Catapyrenium squamulosum, Epiphloea byssina, Peltigera didactyla and Scytinium tenuissimum are rarely reported on soil of hills near a small lake. Cladonia cenotea, C. fimbriata, C. subcariosa, and C. rangiformis were found on the ground between the boulders only on Ardov Mt. Corticolous lichens within town represented by typical nitrophylous species.